Exception & Exception Handling

Exceptions in OOP

Exceptions are mechanisms for managing unexpected or erroneous conditions that arise during program execution.
They allow developers to gracefully handle errors without crashing the entire application.

Why Use Exceptions?

To separate error-handling code from regular code.
To catch runtime errors and respond with defined behavior.
To make code more robust and readable.

Common Exception Types

Each programming language has its own exception hierarchy, but common types include:

Syntax errors
Runtime errors
Logical errors
Custom exceptions (user-defined)

Exceptions Reference (With Examples):

Exception Handling

Exception Handling is the practice of catching and managing potential errors in a program to maintain smooth execution.

How It Works

try block: Code that may raise an exception is placed here.
catch block (or except in Python): Contains code to execute if an exception occurs.
finally block (optional): Code that is always executed, whether or not an exception occurs.

Benefits:

Prevents abrupt termination of the program.
Allows for custom error responses.
Helps build fault-tolerant and user-friendly software.

Syntax Example (General Structure):

try {
    // code that may throw exception
} catch (ExceptionType name) {
    // code to handle the exception
} finally {
    // optional block that always executes
}

Interface and Abstract Class